Average cost is calculated on FIFO(first in first out) basis of buying and selling. While the total value (Quantity*Avg Cost) is called as holding cost. Let’s understand this calculation by taking an example:
On 1st Sep:
Date
1st Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Quantity
150
Cost
Rs. 1000
Value
Rs. 1,50,000
Date
2nd Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Quantity
50
Cost
Rs. 1100
Value
Rs. 55,000
Date
Buy/Sell
Quantity
200
Cost
Rs. 1025
Value
Rs. 2,05,000
Date | Buy/Sell | Quantity | Cost | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st Sep | Buy | 150 | Rs. 1000 | Rs. 1,50,000 |
2nd Sep | Buy | 50 | Rs. 1100 | Rs. 55,000 |
200 | Rs. 1025 | Rs. 2,05,000 |
To calculate the average cost, first calculate the value (Quantity x Cost). Hence:
While the holding cost, now let us see what happens when you add a sell order to this.
On 10th Sep:
Date
1st Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Cost
Rs. 1000
Value
Rs. 1,50,000
150
Date
2nd Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Cost
Rs. 1100
Value
Rs. 55,000
50
Date
Buy/Sell
Cost
Rs. 1025
Value
Rs. 2,05,000
200
Date
10 Sep
Buy/Sell
Sell
Cost
Rs. 1200
Value
Rs. 1,20,000
100
Date | Buy/Sell | Quantity | mobile_header | Cost | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st Sep | Buy | 150 | Rs. 1000 | Rs. 1,50,000 |
2nd Sep | Buy | 50 | Rs. 1100 | Rs. 55,000 |
200 | Rs. 1025 | Rs. 2,05,000 | ||
10 Sep | Sell | 100 | Rs. 1200 | Rs. 1,20,000 |
Sell order placed on 10th Sep: 100 (out of 200) at Rs. 1200
Now the FIFO method will be applied here. The method will check the first trade (on the buy-side). In this case, it is 150. 100 will be deducted from 150. The balance left is shown below.
After applying the FIFO method, Balance: 150 - 100 = 50
Date
1st Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Quantity
50
Cost
Rs. 1000
Value
Rs. 50,000
Date
2nd Sep
Buy/Sell
Buy
Quantity
50
Cost
Rs. 1100
Value
Rs. 55,000
Date
Buy/Sell
Quantity
100
Cost
Rs. 1050
Value
Rs. 1,05,000
Date | Buy/Sell | Quantity | Cost | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st Sep | Buy | 50 | Rs. 1000 | Rs. 50,000 |
2nd Sep | Buy | 50 | Rs. 1100 | Rs. 55,000 |
100 | Rs. 1050 | Rs. 1,05,000 |
In case the sell quantity was more than 150, then it would have moved to the next trade to deduct the remaining quantity.)
Average cost = Total Price Ă· Total Quantity i.e. Rs. 1,05,000 Ă· 100 = Rs. 1050 is the new average cost